The risk association between systemic lupus erythematosus and glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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By
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Xue Li
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Fang Wang
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Liming Zhu
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Xi Tian
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Xi Yang
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June 22, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: Evaluating the Relationship Between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Glaucoma: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) |
| Key Mechanisms | Autoimmune mechanisms causing ocular damage and potential effects of glucocorticoid treatment. |
| Target Population | Patients diagnosed with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. |
| Care Setting | Ophthalmology and rheumatology clinics. |
Key Highlights
- SLE is associated with an increased risk of glaucoma (OR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.26–6.47).
- Approximately one-third of SLE patients exhibit ocular manifestations.
- Subgroup analyses indicate stronger associations in studies with fewer covariate adjustments.
- Long-term glucocorticoid use in SLE patients may elevate glaucoma risk.
- Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Assess for glaucoma in SLE patients, especially those on glucocorticoids.
Management
- Consider regular ophthalmologic evaluations for SLE patients.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Monitor ocular health in SLE patients, particularly for signs of glaucoma.
Risks
- Increased risk of glaucoma associated with SLE and glucocorticoid treatment.
Patient & Prescribing Data
Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Caution advised in prescribing glucocorticoids due to potential glaucoma risk.
Clinical Best Practices
- Implement routine eye examinations for SLE patients.
- Educate patients about the signs and symptoms of glaucoma.
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