TREM1 unleashes immunosuppression in glioma: targeting macrophage polarization as a new therapeutic vulnerability
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By
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Chao Zhang
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Da Teng
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Chao Wang
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Runsheng Feng
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Xinqi Huang
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Ben Hu
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Yu Wang
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Ning Lin
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Cheng Zhang
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July 3, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: TREM1 Drives Immunosuppression in Glioma: Exploring Macrophage Polarization as a Novel Therapeutic Target
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Glioma |
| Key Mechanisms | TREM1 promotes M2 macrophage polarization and facilitates malignant progression. |
| Target Population | Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) and other glioma subtypes. |
| Care Setting | Clinical research and immunotherapy development. |
Key Highlights
- TREM1 expression is upregulated in glioma and associated with higher malignancy.
- TREM1 is linked to M2-type macrophage polarization.
- Knockdown of TREM1 reduces glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.
- TREM1 may serve as a prognostic biomarker in glioma.
- Targeting TREM1 could enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Assess TREM1 expression as a potential prognostic biomarker in glioma.
Management
- Consider targeting TREM1 to improve treatment outcomes in glioma patients.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Monitor TREM1 levels in relation to treatment response and disease progression.
Risks
- Increased M2 polarization may contribute to immunosuppression and tumor progression.
Patient & Prescribing Data
Patients diagnosed with glioma (WHO grade II-IV).
TREM1 targeting may improve the efficacy of current immunotherapies.
Clinical Best Practices
- Incorporate TREM1 assessment in glioma patient evaluations.
- Explore combination therapies that target TREM1 alongside standard treatments.
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