Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy of a combination of levofloxacin and ibuprofen in treating bacterial keratitis.

Key Findings:

• Combination therapy outperformed monotherapy across microbiological, molecular, and histological endpoints.
• Ibuprofen reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of levofloxacin by up to eightfold.
• Ibuprofen exhibited anti-biofilm activity, reducing Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation.
• Combination-treated corneas showed the lowest expression of inflammatory cytokines and reduced TLR4 activation.
• Histological analysis revealed near-normal corneal architecture in the combination group.

Interpretation:

Limitations:

• Small sample size and short treatment duration.
• Reliance on transcriptional rather than protein-level analyses.
• Only Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated, limiting broader applicability.

Conclusion: