Objective:

To review the transgenerational impacts of BPA exposure on male infertility risk and the specific roles of gut microbiota interactions within the gut-reproductive axis.

Key Findings:

• BPA exposure is linked to reduced sperm count, motility, and quality, raising public health concerns.
• BPA alters gut microbial composition, leading to dysbiosis and systemic inflammation.
• Epigenetic changes from BPA exposure can affect germ cells and may be inherited across generations.
• Replacement chemicals for BPA may also have harmful endocrine-disrupting effects.

Interpretation:

BPA and its analogues pose significant risks to male fertility through direct and indirect mechanisms, including epigenetic alterations and gut dysbiosis, necessitating further research in specific areas such as epigenetic mechanisms and gut microbiota interactions.

Limitations:

• Limited understanding of the long-term transgenerational effects of BPA exposure, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies.
• Insufficient data on the specific mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis to male infertility, suggesting a need for targeted research.

Conclusion:

The review underscores the urgent need for further research into the impacts of BPA on male reproductive health and the gut-reproductive axis.