Objective:

To explore the potential of acupuncture as an adjunctive host-directed therapy in neuroinfectious diseases.

Approach:

Key Findings:

• Acupuncture may influence neuroimmune signaling, blood-brain barrier integrity, and oxidative stress, as indicated by various studies.
• Electroacupuncture has shown effects in reducing neuroinflammation and improving cognitive performance in models of sepsis-associated encephalopathy, according to the literature.
• Preclinical studies indicate acupuncture may preserve blood-brain barrier integrity and activate antioxidant pathways, as reported in the reviewed evidence.

Interpretation:

The existing evidence primarily comes from noninfectious models, necessitating cautious interpretation regarding clinical efficacy in neuroinfectious diseases, as highlighted in the source.

Limitations:

• Limited direct evidence supporting acupuncture in neuroinfectious diseases, as noted in the source.
• Heterogeneity in acupuncture protocols and lack of standardized infection-specific models are significant concerns.
• Uncertainty about the impact of acupuncture-induced immunomodulation on pathogen clearance remains a critical limitation.

Conclusion:

Acupuncture should be viewed as a mechanistically plausible adjunctive strategy requiring rigorous validation in infection-specific contexts, as stated in the source.

Sources:

• Frontiers in Medicine
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