To examine the associations between various factors and the occurrence of specific extra-articular manifestations (e.g., cardiovascular, hematological) in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Key Findings:
93% of participants exhibited extra-articular manifestations (p < 0.001).
Older age (p = 0.039) and higher disability prevalence (76% vs. 48%, p = 0.004) were associated with extra-articular manifestations.
Elevated systemic inflammation markers (CRP, ESR, RF, ANA) were linked to extra-articular manifestations.
ESR was independently correlated with extra-articular manifestations (adjusted OR = 1.18, p < 0.001).
An elevated white blood cell count was inversely correlated with extra-articular manifestations (adjusted OR = 0.07, p = 0.001).
Interpretation:
Extra-articular manifestations in RA are primarily linked to persistent systemic inflammation, emphasizing the need for monitoring chronic inflammatory burden and its implications for patient management.
Limitations:
The study's cross-sectional design limits causal inferences.
Findings may not be generalizable due to the specific population studied.
Potential biases related to participant selection and confounding factors were not fully addressed.
Conclusion:
Tracking systemic inflammation is crucial for understanding extra-articular manifestations in RA, necessitating longitudinal studies for further insights into causality and treatment implications.
