To systematically review the skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicle (SkM-EV) and microRNA (miRNA) interactions in cardiac aging, focusing on the relationship between sarcopenia and heart failure.
Approach:
Method: label
Method: text
Key Findings:
Aging and sarcopenia trigger the release of senescence-associated extracellular vesicles (EVs) that propagate myocardial inflammaging and apoptosis.
Regular exercise stimulates the release of exercise-conditioned EVs enriched with cardioprotective myomiRs, reversing structural myocardial remodeling.
Skeletal muscle acts as an endocrine organ, releasing signaling molecules that influence systemic homeostasis and cardiac health.
Interpretation:
Limitations:
The review primarily focuses on the muscle-heart vesicular axis and may not encompass all aspects of cardiac aging and sarcopenia.
Existing studies may have variability in methodologies and outcomes, which could affect the synthesis of findings.
