To investigate the expression of Substance P receptors in the oesophageal mucosa of healthy controls and GORD patients, including the localization of mast cells in relation to SP+ nerve fibers, and to explore the effects of Substance P on oesophageal epithelial cells.
Approach:
Key Findings:
NK1R expression was significantly higher in NERD and ERD mucosa compared to healthy controls, indicating a potential role in inflammation.
Substance P exposure induced NF-κB phosphorylation and cytokine release (IL-6 and IL-8) in NE-1 cells, suggesting a direct inflammatory effect.
Density of MRGPRX2+ mast cells was significantly higher in NERD and ERD compared to healthy controls, highlighting their potential role in GORD pathology.
A significant proportion of SP+ nerve fibres were located near mast cells, indicating a possible interaction that may influence mucosal inflammation.
Interpretation:
The upregulation of SP receptors in GORD patients suggests a role in mucosal inflammation and sensory nerve activation, potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of GORD. These findings align with existing literature on neuro-immune interactions in chronic inflammatory conditions.
Limitations:
The study's sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
The findings are based on biopsies and in vitro experiments, which may not fully represent in vivo conditions, and potential biases in sample selection should be considered.
Conclusion:
Substance P and its receptors are implicated in the inflammatory processes of GORD, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for managing mucosal damage.
