To synthesize current research on the mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and safety profiles of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the management of vitiligo.
Approach:
Literature Review: An evidence-based narrative review was conducted, including a systematic literature search across primary electronic databases and ClinicalTrials.gov to capture ongoing and completed clinical trials.
Key Findings:
Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by hypopigmented or depigmented skin patches.
Conventional treatments have limited long-term efficacy due to the chronic and unpredictable nature of vitiligo.
Emerging evidence from clinical trials and case reports supports the efficacy of JAK inhibitors, including ruxolitinib, upadacitinib, and abrocitinib, in promoting repigmentation of lesional skin.
Interpretation:
The review highlights the potential of JAK inhibitors as a novel treatment option for vitiligo, supported by emerging clinical evidence.
Limitations:
The review may not encompass all relevant studies published after May 2026.
Exclusion of non-English articles may limit the breadth of available data.
Conclusion:
Further investigation into JAK inhibitors is warranted to explore their role in the therapeutic landscape for vitiligo.
