Cross-sectional associations of nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration with myopia in preschool children: the mediating role of body mass index - Summary - MDSpire
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Cross-sectional associations of nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration with myopia in preschool children: the mediating role of body mass index
To investigate the associations of nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration with myopia in preschool children, and to examine the mediating role of body mass index (BMI).
Approach:
Study Design: Cross-sectional study including 695 children aged 3–7 years, assessing sleep duration, demographics, family factors, and lifestyle via a self-administered questionnaire.
Data Collection: Ophthalmic examinations followed national myopia screening guidelines.
Statistical Analysis: Multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and mediation analysis were used to evaluate associations and the mediating effect of BMI.
Key Findings:
The prevalence of myopia was 21.29%.
Daytime nap duration (OR = 0.87, p = 0.012) and nighttime sleep duration (OR = 0.48, p = 0.031) were negatively associated with myopia risk.
A protective inflection point was identified at 38 min for daytime napping (p < 0.05).
BMI partially mediated the associations of daytime nap and nighttime sleep with myopia, accounting for 24.79% and 28.16% of the total effects, respectively.
Interpretation:
Both nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration were inversely associated with myopia risk in preschool children, with BMI playing a partial mediating role.
Limitations:
Cross-sectional design limits causal inferences.
Reliance on self-reported data may introduce bias.
Conclusion:
Ensuring adequate nighttime sleep and appropriate daytime napping may represent an effective strategy for early myopia prevention.
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