Vitamin D May Reflect Myopia Risk - Summary - MDSpire
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Vitamin D May Reflect Myopia Risk
Narrative review linked lower vitamin D levels to greater myopia risk and higher omega-3 intake to lower risk, though outdoor exposure may explain the vitamin D association.
To review the relationship between vitamin D levels, outdoor exposure, and myopia prevalence and progression, alongside other nutritional factors.
Key Findings:
Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with higher myopia prevalence and longer axial length.
Observational studies found patients with myopia had lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations compared to nonmyopic controls.
Each 25 nmol/L increase in serum vitamin D level was associated with a 35% reduction in the odds of myopia.
A Taiwanese birth cohort study found no association between vitamin D levels from birth through early childhood and myopia development.
Omega-3 PUFAs showed the strongest evidence as a probable protective factor against myopia.
Interpretation:
The evidence does not establish a direct causal role for vitamin D in myopia development, emphasizing that outdoor exposure is a more consistent protective factor.
Limitations:
Most available evidence was observational, limiting causal inference.
The review was narrative rather than systematic and did not include a formal risk-of-bias assessment.
Included studies had heterogeneous exposure measurements, study designs, and outcome definitions.
The lack of a systematic review process may affect the reliability of the findings.
Conclusion:
The current literature does not support specific nutritional interventions as standalone strategies for myopia control, highlighting the need to consider environmental factors.
In this issue of The Ophthalmic ASC, we interview several surgeons to discover what is in their IOL closets. It is fun to see what some of the top surgeons in the country use as their favorite IOLs and the different ASC inventory management solutions that can help make this possible!
