Objective:

To discuss the rare familial transmission of invasive Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection and its clinical manifestations.

Approach:

• Case Reports: The article presents two case reports of related patients with invasive GAS infections, detailing their hospital courses, treatments, and outcomes.

Key Findings:

• The incidence of invasive GAS infections has risen from 3.8 cases per 100,000 individuals (2005-2012) to 8.2 per 100,000 in 2022.
• Invasive GAS infections can manifest as cellulitis, pneumonia, and other severe conditions, as seen in the two case reports.
• One patient developed septic shock, while the other presented with pneumonia and respiratory distress.

Interpretation:

The case series discusses familial transmission of invasive GAS infections and highlights the varied clinical presentations observed in the two patients.

Limitations:

• The case series is limited by the small number of patients reported, which may not represent the broader population.
• Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of familial transmission and the rising incidence of invasive GAS infections.

Conclusion:

The findings highlight the importance of recognizing invasive GAS infections and the potential for familial transmission.