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NNS beverages may match water in weight control
Adults assigned to nonnutritive sweetened beverages or water maintained weight reductions through 104 weeks, with no statistically significant difference between groups.
To compare the effects of nonnutritive sweetened (NNS) beverages and water on body weight reduction over 104 weeks in adults participating in a behavioral weight-management program.
Approach:
Study Design: A parallel-group, open-label SWITCH trial involving 493 adults aged 18 to 65 years with a BMI of 27 to 35, randomly assigned to consume either water or NNS beverages.
Intervention: Participants consumed at least 2 servings of 330 mL per day of either water or NNS beverages, with a 12-week active weight-loss phase followed by a 40-week maintenance phase and a voluntary 52-week extension.
Measurements: Change in body weight, waist and hip circumference, body composition, glycemic measures, lipids, liver biomarkers, hunger, and sugar and sweetener consumption were assessed.
Key Findings:
Body weight decreased by 3.7 kg in the water group and 4.8 kg in the NNS beverage group, with no statistically significant between-group difference.
Weight loss was most rapid during the initial 12-week phase, with both groups maintaining significant weight loss through week 104.
Waist and hip circumference decreased in both groups without significant differences.
Metabolic outcomes showed some differences, with the water group having greater reductions in glycated hemoglobin and diastolic blood pressure, while total cholesterol increased in the NNS group.
Interpretation:
Beverage assignment was not significantly associated with body weight at week 104, and both groups showed similar patterns of weight loss and metabolic changes.
Limitations:
Only 220 out of 493 participants completed the study, potentially affecting the results.
The study was conducted at a single site in England, limiting generalizability.
Race and ethnicity data were not collected.
Conclusion:
Both groups maintained significant weight loss up to week 104.
These 10 states have paid family or medical leave programs and health, wellness, peer support, or monitoring resources available to physicians or other health professionals.
