To emphasize the need for systematic incorporation of advanced three-dimensional visualization techniques in the planning of complex congenital heart surgeries.
Approach:
Multi-disciplinary Team Perspective: The article draws on insights from pediatric cardiologists, a cardiovascular radiologist, and a cardiothoracic surgeon to highlight the need for improved preoperative planning.
Key Findings:
Three-dimensional technologies improve understanding of complex congenital morphology and support decision-making.
Users of CT-based VR models reported enhanced understanding of anatomy and surgical planning.
Current evidence linking advanced visualization to clinical outcomes is limited and primarily consists of single-center studies.
Clinicians and trainees show improved comprehension of spatial relationships with three-dimensional models.
Educational outcomes indicate that training with VR or 3D-printed models yields superior anatomical knowledge compared to 2D review.
Interpretation:
The evidence base for three-dimensional visualization in congenital heart surgery is modest, with consistent findings suggesting improved spatial understanding and educational outcomes.
Limitations:
The evidence is primarily from single-center studies with limited patient numbers.
There is a lack of definitive data linking advanced visualization to operative time, complications, or long-term outcomes.
Conclusion:
A deliberate approach to incorporating 3D visualization in complex congenital cardiac cases is necessary, with specific criteria for its application.
