Objective:

To highlight the critical role of multimodal neuroimaging in enhancing diagnosis, tracking, and therapeutic assessment of monoclonal antibody treatments for Alzheimer's disease, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Key Findings:

• Multimodal neuroimaging improves diagnostic precision and individual treatment evaluation, leading to better patient management.
• Structural MRI identifies cerebral atrophy and ARIA, while PET visualizes Aβ plaque reduction, serving as critical biomarkers.
• Functional MRI shows potential for assessing brain connectivity changes post-treatment, indicating treatment efficacy.

Interpretation:

The integration of various neuroimaging modalities is essential for optimizing monoclonal antibody therapies in Alzheimer's disease, despite existing challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and treatment response variability, which must be addressed to enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Limitations:

• Sensitivity and specificity of current imaging methods are inadequate, necessitating further research.
• High costs of PET scans limit data completeness, highlighting the need for cost-effective alternatives.
• Integration of multimodal imaging for personalized treatment strategies remains challenging, requiring innovative approaches.

Conclusion:

Standardized imaging protocols and interdisciplinary collaboration are crucial for maximizing the benefits of mAb therapies in Alzheimer's disease, with ongoing research needed to overcome current limitations.