Objective:

To report a case of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) following radical resection of lung adenosquamous carcinoma and review existing literature on EGFR-TKI-associated histological transformation, emphasizing its clinical significance.

Approach:

Key Findings:

• The patient initially diagnosed with adenosquamous carcinoma experienced histological transformation to PSC after treatment with afatinib.
• The patient achieved a durable complete response to combined immunochemotherapy, indicating potential treatment pathways.
• PSC is characterized by poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies, necessitating alternative treatment strategies.

Interpretation:

The case highlights the potential for histological transformation in lung cancer following targeted therapy and underscores the need for further research on treatment strategies for PSC.

Limitations:

• The rarity of PSC limits the generalizability of findings.
• No consensus guidelines exist for the management of PSC, and potential biases in the literature review process may affect conclusions.

Conclusion:

This case underscores the complexities in managing PSC and the potential role of immunotherapy in achieving a complete response, highlighting the need for ongoing research to improve treatment options.

Attribution Notice

This content is an AI-generated, fully rewritten summary based on a published scholarly article. It does not reproduce the original text and is not a substitute for the original publication. Readers are encouraged to consult the source for full context, data, and methodology.