To analyze preclinical evidence on the therapeutic potential and mechanistic pathways through which hypoglycemic phytochemicals improve male reproductive function in diabetes mellitus.
Approach:
Study Design: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with a protocol registered in PROSPERO.
Search Strategy: Research articles published from October 2010 to October 2025 were identified using PubMed, Connecting Repositories, and Google Scholar.
Eligibility Criteria: Included studies involved male animal models with diabetes mellitus, evaluating isolated phytochemicals or standardized plant extracts with hypoglycemic activity.
Key Findings:
35 studies published between 2012 and 2025 were reviewed.
Hypoglycemic phytochemicals improved reproductive dysfunction through effects on oxidative stress, sperm parameters, spermatogenesis, and hormonal regulation.
Interpretation:
The review presents findings that hypoglycemic phytochemicals may enhance male reproductive function in preclinical diabetes models through various biological mechanisms.
Limitations:
Variations in outcomes measured and methodologies across studies.
Potential inadequacy of findings to predict human responses due to psychological factors affecting erection.
Conclusion:
The review indicates that hypoglycemic phytochemicals have potential benefits for male reproductive dysfunction in diabetes mellitus, warranting further research on efficacy and safety before clinical trials.
Single-nucleus sequencing of menstrual fluid identified epithelial gene signatures and prioritized five candidate biomarkers that warrant validation in larger studies.
