To characterize longitudinal impaired fasting glucose (IFG) evolution patterns and evaluate their associations with the risk of incident cardio-kidney-metabolic (CKM) multimorbidity, highlighting the significance of these patterns in clinical outcomes.
Key Findings:
1,795 participants developed CKM multimorbidity over a median follow-up of 11.0 years.
Adjusted HRs for IFG progression, recovery, and persistent IFG were 1.93, 1.69, and 3.10, respectively, compared to sustained normal fasting glucose. The association for IFG progression was not statistically significant (HR 1.14; 95% CI 0.97–1.35).
IFG recovery had a lower risk than persistent or progressive IFG but higher than sustained fasting glucose health.
Interpretation:
Individuals recovering from IFG have a lower risk of CKM multimorbidity than those with persistent or progressive IFG, but still have higher risk than those with sustained normal fasting glucose, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring.
Limitations:
The study is limited to a specific cohort and may not be generalizable to other populations, and potential biases in the cohort selection may affect the results.
Longitudinal data may not capture all factors influencing IFG and multimorbidity risk.
Conclusion:
Preventing the onset of IFG and timely intervention after its occurrence are critical to mitigate long-term multisystem damage, underscoring the need for proactive clinical strategies.
