Authors describe both potential retinal benefits and possible rare optic nerve risks, while emphasizing that long-term ocular safety data remain limited as use expands.
To examine the associations between GLP-1 receptor agonists, specifically semaglutide, and ocular adverse events, particularly ischaemic optic neuropathy.
Key Findings:
Higher reporting odds of ischaemic optic neuropathy in males and with obesity-dose semaglutide.
Mixed evidence regarding GLP-1 receptor agonists and ocular health, including reduced risks of nonexudative age-related macular degeneration and noninfectious uveitis.
A 3-year study indicated a twofold increase in neovascular AMD among diabetes patients prescribed GLP-1 RAs, with higher risks at longer usage durations.
Interpretation:
The ocular safety profile of GLP-1 receptor agonists remains unclear, necessitating further research to understand long-term effects, especially as usage increases among younger populations.
Limitations:
The current evidence base is mixed and does not provide a definitive conclusion regarding the ocular risks associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Potential biases in reporting and observational study designs may affect the reliability of findings.
Conclusion:
As the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists expands, particularly for obesity management, more comprehensive safety data is essential to clarify their impact on retinal and optic nerve health.
