Neuronal exosomal miR-25-3p attenuates M1 microglial activation and neurotoxicity by targeting TLR4 to regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway
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By
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Guangjun Hu
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Sarulatuya
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Siyu Du
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Zhile Huang
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Xinyi Tang
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June 3, 2026
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Objective:
To investigate the role of neuron-derived exosomes in regulating microglial polarization and its underlying molecular mechanism.
Key Findings:
- Neuronal exosomes were internalized by microglia.
- Exosomal miR-25-3p suppressed TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway activation.
- Inhibition of M1 microglial polarization and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines were observed.
- This process attenuated M1 microglia-mediated neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Interpretation:
Remove unsupported conclusions and editorial interpretations.
Limitations:
- The study primarily focuses on in vitro models, which may not fully replicate in vivo conditions.
- Further research is needed to explore the therapeutic potential in clinical settings.
Conclusion:
Revise to focus solely on findings without suggesting treatment strategies.
