To provide a narrative review of the Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt, examining its physiological basis, surgical technique, associated risks and complications, postoperative management, and historical evolution.
Key Findings:
The systemic-to-pulmonary shunt is a valuable palliative technique for complex congenital heart defects, particularly in univentricular physiology.
The original Blalock-Taussig-Thomas technique has favorable outcomes, but complication rates vary by patient selection and institutional experience.
Emerging alternatives like ductal stenting may reduce surgical shunt placements but do not replace the systemic-to-pulmonary shunt.
Interpretation:
The systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt remains a critical intervention in managing congenital heart defects, despite the development of alternative techniques.
Limitations:
The review does not systematically compare all techniques or provide a comprehensive management guide.
Studies involving adolescents were excluded to maintain focus on early developmental stages.
Conclusion:
The systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt continues to be a widely used and relevant palliative strategy in pediatric cardiac surgery.
