To evaluate the effects of lutein-containing supplementation on macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Key Findings:
Lutein supplementation significantly improved MPOD and BCVA compared to placebo.
The most significant benefits were observed in patients with early-stage AMD.
Lutein monotherapy improved both MPOD and BCVA, while combination formulations improved MPOD but not BCVA.
Longer supplementation duration and greater cumulative lutein exposure were associated with larger changes in MPOD and BCVA.
Interpretation:
Lutein-based supplementation is linked to structural and functional visual benefits in early-stage AMD, with effects appearing to be dose- and duration-dependent.
Limitations:
Substantial heterogeneity across trials.
Differences in dosing and measurement methods.
Follow-up limited to 2 to 24 months.
Potential publication bias for MPOD outcomes.
Conclusion:
Further research is needed to assess long-term effects on AMD progression and vision outcomes, particularly in late-stage AMD.
