Objective:

To explore the potential role of autoantibodies in the pain and multisystem dysfunction observed in long COVID.

Approach:

Key Findings:

• Patient IgG triggered mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in laboratory mice.
• Distinct immune and autoimmune profiles suggest different long COVID endotypes.
• The autoantibody repertoire is heterogeneous across patients.

Interpretation:

Limitations:

• Lack of identification of a causal or universal autoantibody.
• Preclinical nature of studies limits direct clinical application.
• No evidence-based guidelines exist for identifying patients likely to benefit from immunomodulatory therapies.

Conclusion:

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