Objective:

To investigate the clinical burden associated with MDR-GNB colonisation, focusing on mortality rates, healthcare use, and antibiotic treatment following screening.

Approach:

• Study Design: Retrospective observational population-based cohort study in Skåne, Sweden, from October 1, 2013, to December 31, 2022.
• Patient Screening: Included all patients screened for MDR-GNB in community and hospital settings, with mandatory risk assessment and screening based on IPC guidelines.
• Data Collection: Data on screening cultures, demographics, clinical outcomes, and comorbidities were extracted from healthcare databases.
• Outcomes: Primary outcomes were 30-day and one-year all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes included acute care use, hospitalisation length, ICU care, outpatient visits, and antibiotic prescriptions.

Key Findings:

• Increased incidence of ESBL-E and CPE in Sweden, indicating a rise in MDR-GNB colonisation based on recent data.
• MDR-GNB colonisation is associated with increased mortality and healthcare resource use, as evidenced by the study's findings.

Interpretation:

Limitations:

• The retrospective design may introduce biases in data collection and outcome assessment, potentially affecting the reliability of the findings.

Conclusion: