To report a case of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) following vitrectomy for endogenous fungal endophthalmitis caused by Aspergillus flavus and to review existing literature on this condition.
Approach:
Case Report: A 22-year-old man with a history of fungal endophthalmitis underwent two vitrectomy procedures for treatment and subsequently developed SO in the contralateral eye.
Diagnosis and Treatment: Diagnosis of SO was confirmed through multimodal imaging, and treatment with prednisone and adalimumab led to stabilization of the patient's condition.
Key Findings:
Sympathetic ophthalmia can develop after vitrectomy for fungal endophthalmitis, challenging the belief that such infections prevent SO.
The patient exhibited decreased visual acuity and imaging findings characteristic of SO.
Immunosuppressive therapy was essential for managing the patient's condition.
Interpretation:
This case illustrates the challenges in diagnosing and treating sympathetic ophthalmia following intraocular surgery for infectious conditions.
Limitations:
The rarity of sympathetic ophthalmia following endogenous fungal endophthalmitis limits the applicability of these findings.
This report presents only one case, which may not reflect broader trends.
Conclusion:
Timely diagnosis and treatment strategies are critical for managing sympathetic ophthalmia in the context of fungal endophthalmitis.
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