To address the misuse of diagnostic tests in medicine and promote the concept of diagnostic stewardship.
Approach:
Research Project in Michigan: A study was conducted in 46 hospitals to implement diagnostic stewardship by changing how tests are ordered and processed.
Educational Efforts: Initial educational efforts to train doctors on appropriate test usage were ineffective.
Structural Changes: Implemented structural changes required doctors to provide true symptoms to order tests, leading to a significant reduction in unnecessary treatments.
Key Findings:
Unnecessary testing contributes to antibiotic resistance and other patient harms.
Diagnostic stewardship reduced unnecessary antibiotic treatments from 29% to less than 17%.
Structural changes in test ordering can impact large patient populations effectively.
Interpretation:
Limitations:
Doctors can bypass changes by contacting labs or providing additional information.
The effectiveness of diagnostic stewardship is dependent on system-wide implementation.
Conclusion:
Improving diagnostic testing requires a smarter system rather than new technologies or drugs.
A large Epic Cosmos analysis linked vaginal estrogen prescribing with lower rates of sepsis, hospital admission, and death following recurrent urinary tract infection, but researchers cautioned that prescribing may also mark broader differences in care.