Objective:

To investigate the correlation and predictive value of novel systemic inflammatory indices and non-traditional lipid parameters for in-stent restenosis (ISR) after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.

Approach:

• Study Design: A single-center, retrospective study enrolling 564 patients who underwent initial DES implantation and received follow-up coronary angiography at least six months later.
• Patient Groups: Patients were divided into ISR (n = 112) and non-ISR (n = 452) groups.
• Data Collection: Clinical data and laboratory parameters were collected, including various inflammatory indices and non-traditional lipid parameters.
• Statistical Analysis: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with ISR, and ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate predictive performance.

Key Findings:

• Adjusted logistic regression identified CRI-II (OR = 1.277, 95% CI: 1.066–1.529, p = 0.008) and LCI (OR = 1.010, 95% CI: 1.002–1.018, p = 0.020) as independent risk factors for ISR.
• ROC analysis showed CRI-II had an AUC of 0.586 (P = 0.005) and LCI had an AUC of 0.571 (P = 0.020), indicating limited discriminatory ability.

Interpretation:

CRI-II and LCI are significantly associated with ISR after PCI but show limited discriminatory ability, with all AUC values below 0.7.

Limitations:

• The study is retrospective and conducted at a single center, which may limit generalizability.
• All AUC values were below 0.7, indicating that the findings are exploratory signals only.

Conclusion:

CRI-II and LCI exhibit statistical associations with ISR but are not ready for clinical recommendation for ISR risk stratification.