Objective:

To examine associations of grandchild caregiving, war-related trauma, and minority-related stressors with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among Palestinian Arab grandmothers in Israel, and to determine if resource loss and gain mediated these associations.

Approach:

• Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 112 Palestinian Arab grandmothers using a structured online questionnaire.

Key Findings:

• Mean PTSS was 2.27 (SD = 1.41, range=0–4), indicating a moderate level of symptoms.
• 93.7% of participants reported at least one war-related traumatic event.
• 34.8% reported at least one minority-related stressor.
• Minority-related stress was significantly associated with PTSS (β = .20, p < .05).
• Resource loss was significant in explaining PTSS variance (β = .25, p < .05), accounting for 22% of the variance.
• Mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of minority-related stress on PTSS through resource loss.

Interpretation:

Interventions targeting minority-related stress and preserving psychosocial resources may benefit Palestinian Arab grandmothers in contexts of ongoing conflict.

Limitations:

• The study is cross-sectional, limiting causal inferences.
• The sample size may not be representative of all Palestinian Arab grandmothers.

Conclusion:

The findings highlight the psychological vulnerability of Palestinian Arab grandmothers due to compounded stressors from war and minority status.