To systematically synthesize research on structural, functional, and metabolic abnormalities in brain regions of patients with perinatal depression (PND) and the underlying pathological mechanisms, emphasizing the significance of early screening for PND.
Key Findings:
PND is characterized by structural and functional alterations in key brain regions, which have significant implications for maternal and infant health.
Reduced activity in regulatory centers and hyperactivity in emotional processing areas are observed.
Abnormalities result from genetic, neuroendocrine, immunological, and environmental factors.
Interpretation:
PND involves complex dysfunction within emotional and cognitive networks, enhancing understanding of its neural basis and informing future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, particularly in clinical settings.
Limitations:
Existing research often has small sample sizes and high heterogeneity.
Clinical biomarkers with diagnostic specificity remain elusive.
Current evidence is fragmented and lacks a unified framework, highlighting the need for more diverse populations in studies.
Conclusion:
Findings deepen the understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of PND and provide a theoretical foundation for advancing its objective diagnosis and targeted therapy, underscoring the importance of addressing PND in clinical practice.
