To clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms linking inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with various renal conditions, including chronic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, and others, and to explore management strategies.
Key Findings:
IBD is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), glomerulonephritis, and other renal conditions.
Dysbiosis and intestinal barrier compromise initiate renal injury through systemic inflammation.
Intestinal lymphatic dysfunction plays a crucial role in exacerbating renal damage.
Shared immunopathogenic pathways, including IL-11-driven fibrosis and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis, link gut and kidney injury.
Interpretation:
The findings underscore the need for proactive renal monitoring in IBD patients and highlight the potential for integrated therapeutic strategies targeting shared pathophysiological mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of dual-organ protection.
Limitations:
Causal pathways in humans remain incompletely understood, with much evidence derived from animal studies, necessitating further human validation.
Limited human validation of the lymphatic pathway's role in renal injury.
Conclusion:
A mechanism-informed approach to renal risk assessment in IBD is essential, with promising therapeutic targets identified for dual-organ protection, underscoring the need for further research.
