To examine the features of pediatric spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) and investigate the association between its onset and meteorological factors.
Approach:
Study Design: Retrospective review of medical records of patients aged 1–18 years diagnosed with SPM from January 2012 to December 2023.
Data Collection: Extraction of meteorological data for the same period from the Japan Meteorological Agency.
Statistical Analysis: Multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between SPM onset and monthly meteorological factors.
Key Findings:
39 cases of SPM identified, predominantly in males (87.2%) with a median age of 15.0 years.
Most common presenting complaint was chest pain (59.0%).
Potential association found between SPM onset and monthly average ambient temperature (adjusted odds ratio 1.022; 95% confidence interval 1.010–1.035; p < 0.001).
Interpretation:
SPM cases were primarily adolescent boys with slim builds. The study suggests considering SPM in differential diagnoses for chest pain in this demographic.
Limitations:
Study conducted at a single institution, limiting generalizability.
No clear association between SPM onset and meteorological parameters identified.
Conclusion:
SPM is characterized by a predominance in adolescent boys with slim builds.
