To identify, categorize, and summarize late effects (LEs) following allogeneic HSCT in pediatric patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs).
Approach:
Systematic Review: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed and EBSCOhost databases for studies on LEs in pediatric HSCT patients with PIDs who survived at least 2 years post-transplant.
Key Findings:
31 studies included, covering 2,293 patients transplanted from 1981 to 2019.
24% of patients reported at least one LE, with growth and developmental delay being the most common (12.2%).
Neurological issues were reported in 173 patients (7.5%), autoimmune or hematologic problems in 161 patients (7.0%), and pulmonary and skin complications in 150 patients each (6.5% each).
Endocrine issues were reported in 99 patients (4.3%), while secondary malignancies and other complications were rare.
Interpretation:
A significant proportion of pediatric HSCT survivors with PIDs experience various LEs years after transplantation.
Limitations:
The review included only studies published in English, which may limit the generalizability of findings.
Mixed cohorts of pediatric and adult patients were excluded.
Conclusion:
The findings indicate the importance of ongoing monitoring for long-term health outcomes in pediatric HSCT survivors.
