To investigate the global profile of myopia prevalence in children and adolescents and analyze the impact of social factors on the progression of myopia.
Approach:
Study Design: A retrospective study analyzing data from 31 global datasets (2004-2023) to assess social determinants of myopia prevalence.
Statistical Analysis: Utilized univariate and multiple linear regression to evaluate associations between myopia prevalence and various social factors.
Key Findings:
GDP (β = 0.369, P = 0.027) and longitude (β = 0.551, P = 0.001) are significantly positively correlated with myopia prevalence.
GDP per capita (β = -0.863, P = 0.001) is negatively associated with myopia prevalence.
Population distribution in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (β = 0.572, P = 0.011), urban population percentage (β = 0.737, P = 0.008), and longitude (β = 0.508, P = 0.006) are positively correlated with myopia prevalence.
Interpretation:
East Asia exhibits the highest prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents, while Europe and the Americas show lower, variable rates. Influencing factors include economic development, social welfare, demographic structure, and geographical setting.
Limitations:
The study relies on publicly available data, which may vary in quality and completeness.
The analysis is retrospective and may not account for all potential confounding factors.
Conclusion:
The findings provide a scientific basis for developing targeted prevention and control strategies for myopia.
