Fatal European subtype tick-borne encephalitis in a fully vaccinated immunocompetent child: a case report with viral sequencing - Summary - MDSpire

Fatal European subtype tick-borne encephalitis in a fully vaccinated immunocompetent child: a case report with viral sequencing

  • By

  • Klara Sondén

  • Oskar Karlsson Lindsjö

  • Sofie Vonlanthen

  • Magnus Gisslén

  • Amelie Kinch

  • May 29, 2026

  • 0 min

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Objective:

To report a case of severe tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in a fully vaccinated immunocompetent child and analyze the viral genome, highlighting the implications for vaccination strategies.

Key Findings:
  • The child experienced a rapid clinical deterioration leading to severe encephalitis, raising concerns about the effectiveness of current vaccination protocols.
  • CSF analysis indicated viral encephalitis with pleocytosis and elevated protein levels.
  • The TBE virus genome was sequenced and identified as the European subtype.
Interpretation:

This case challenges the perception that fully vaccinated children are at low risk for severe TBE, suggesting a need for reevaluation of vaccination guidelines.

Limitations:
  • The study is based on a single case, limiting generalizability and necessitating caution in drawing broader conclusions.
  • Long-term outcomes and potential sequelae were not assessed, which could provide valuable insights into the impact of TBE in vaccinated children.
Conclusion:

The case highlights the potential for severe TBE in vaccinated children and the need for continued surveillance and research, particularly into the efficacy of current vaccines and the long-term effects of TBE.

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