Objective:

To systematically collect and critically synthesize current evidence on extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from neonatal biological fluids, focusing on their involvement in neonatal health and disease and their potential diagnostic and prognostic value.

Approach:

Key Findings:

• 43 predominantly observational studies were included, covering term and preterm neonates with small-to-moderate sample sizes.
• EVs were isolated from various biological matrices, mainly umbilical cord and peripheral blood, with sampling primarily at birth or early postnatal life.
• EVs consistently demonstrated biological activity across diverse neonatal conditions, indicating their potential role as pathophysiological mediators and candidate biomarkers.

Interpretation:

EVs actively participate in key neonatal processes, but the evidence is limited and methodologically heterogeneous, highlighting the need for further research.

Limitations:

• The number of studies on EVs in neonates is very limited compared to adults, which restricts comprehensive understanding.
• Data from adult studies cannot be directly extrapolated to neonates, necessitating dedicated neonatal research.

Conclusion:

Larger, standardized studies are required to clarify the biological functions and clinical utility of EVs in neonates, addressing the current methodological limitations.

Sources:

• Systematic Review Registration
Attribution Notice

This content is an AI-generated, fully rewritten summary based on a published scholarly article. It does not reproduce the original text and is not a substitute for the original publication. Readers are encouraged to consult the source for full context, data, and methodology.