To explore the joint associations between multiple metal trace elements and dyslipidemia, specifically investigating their combined effects.
Key Findings:
Lithium (Li) and tin (Sn) were negatively associated with dyslipidemia, with significant interactions found between Li and nickel (Ni), Sn and manganese (Mn), and Ni and Mn.
Li had an odds ratio of 0.654 (CI: 0.436, 0.981) and Sn had an odds ratio of 0.800 (CI: 0.649, 0.985).
BKMR showed a negative correlation of Li with dyslipidemia across the exposure range.
The overall effect of metal mixtures was not statistically significant in WQS.
Interpretation:
Serum levels of Li and Sn are associated with a lower risk of dyslipidemia in this rural Chinese cohort, indicating potential protective effects against dyslipidemia, which may have important public health implications.
Limitations:
Observational study design limits causal inference.
Potential confounding factors may not have been fully controlled.
Findings may not be generalizable beyond the studied population.
Potential for measurement error in serum metal levels.
Conclusion:
The study suggests that certain trace metals may influence dyslipidemia risk, warranting further investigation into their interactions and effects.
In a target-trial emulation of more than 600,000 veterans, GLP-1 RA initiators saw fewer new substance use disorders—and patients with existing SUDs had fewer overdoses, hospitalizations, and deaths.
