To investigate the occurrence of hyperprogressive disease (HPD) in patients with brain metastases receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and its clinical significance.
Key Findings:
20% of patients (5 out of 25) exhibited HPD after ICI initiation, indicating a concerning trend.
Post-immunotherapy TGR increased significantly, ranging from 4.9 to 207.7 times the pre-immunotherapy TGR, highlighting the aggressive nature of HPD.
All HPD cases had prior radiation therapy, with some receiving stereotactic radiosurgery, suggesting a potential link.
Interpretation:
HPD is a significant concern in patients with brain metastases treated with ICIs, leading to rapid tumor growth and poor prognosis, necessitating vigilant monitoring.
Limitations:
Small sample size of 25 patients limits generalizability.
Retrospective design may introduce selection bias.
Lack of diversity in the patient population may affect the applicability of findings.
Conclusion:
HPD can occur in brain metastases patients following ICI treatment, necessitating careful monitoring and further research to understand its mechanisms and implications for clinical practice.
by Charissa A. C. Jessurun, Francesca Siddi, Noah L.A. Nawabi, Alexander F. C. Hulsbergen, Yu Tung Lo, Rohan Jha, Timothy R. Smith, Marike L. D. Broekman
