To characterize internal medicine residents’, advanced practice providers’ (APPs’), and faculty members’ knowledge, experiences, and values concerning stigmatizing language in clinical documentation.
Approach:
Design: Cross-sectional, multicenter survey with a knowledge test.
Participants and setting: Electronic surveys were administered from April through September 2025 to internal medicine residents and hospitalist faculty at two academic departments; APPs were invited at one institution.
Instrument: The study team developed the survey and knowledge test because validated instruments were unavailable. Six cognitive interviews informed revisions. The instruments included five shared knowledge questions assessing recognition of 11 potentially stigmatizing te…
Analysis: Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages; Likert-scale responses were dichotomized. The provided context does not report results.
Interpretation:
The study was designed to describe clinicians’ awareness and practices regarding stigmatizing language in clinical notes. Findings are not included in the supplied article context.
Limitations:
The supplied context ends during the methods section and provides no study results.
The survey and knowledge test were newly developed because validated instruments were unavailable.
