Objective:

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of endoscopic intervention for foreign body (FB) removal and identify independent risk factors associated with procedural failure.

Approach:

• Study Design: A single-center retrospective analysis of 1,162 cases of FB impaction in the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract from January 2010 to December 2024.
• Data Collection: Baseline demographics, clinical presentations, and endoscopic characteristics were reviewed, with success rates and complication rates investigated.
• Statistical Analysis: Independent predictors of endoscopic failure were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Key Findings:

• Endoscopic removal was successful in 1,140 cases (98.1%).
• 84.7% of procedures were completed within 24 hours of symptom onset.
• Moderate-to-severe complications occurred in 0.6% of cases, with no deaths related to FB impaction or endoscopic intervention.
• Independent risk factors for endoscopic failure included sharp pointed FB, delayed intervention exceeding 24 hours, and multiple endoscopic attempts.

Interpretation:

Endoscopic management of GI tract FB impaction is highly effective and carries a favorable safety profile. Early recognition of factors predictive of endoscopic failure may enhance success rates.

Limitations:

• Retrospective design may introduce selection bias.
• Data was collected from a single center, limiting generalizability.

Conclusion:

Endoscopic intervention for FB removal in the alimentary tract is effective, with a low complication rate.