Objective:

To review contemporary therapeutic options, including specific treatments, and assess surgical results and IVF/ICSI outcomes in women with endometriosis, deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE), and/or adenomyosis.

Key Findings:

• Endometriosis and adenomyosis are significant causes of infertility, often coexisting.
• DIE is a severe form of endometriosis associated with adenomyosis, leading to reduced oocyte yield and embryo quality.
• IVF/ICSI outcomes in adenomyosis are controversial, with most studies indicating negative effects, particularly in severe cases.
• Fresh vs. frozen embryo transfer outcomes are inconsistent; FET is beneficial in endometriosis but similar in adenomyosis.
• Adenomyosis adversely impacts miscarriage rates and live birth rates when coexisting with endometriosis.

Interpretation:

Cumulative live birth rates provide a better reflection of ART outcomes in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis, highlighting the need for pre-ART screening, which includes ultrasonography and MRI.

Limitations:

• The review is limited to English-language publications.
• Only studies involving human subjects were included, excluding case reports and expert opinions.

Conclusion:

Non-surgical treatments show promise in managing adenomyosis, and IVF/ICSI is a reasonable first-line approach for asymptomatic DIE. Pre-ART screening is recommended due to increased pregnancy complications.