To discuss the limitations and biological constraints of CAR T cell therapy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Key Findings:
CAR T cell therapy has not produced durable clinical benefits in RCC despite the presence of targetable antigens.
Limited tumor trafficking, rapid functional decline, and poor intratumoral persistence of CAR T cells are consistent across clinical studies.
Interpretation:
The article discusses biological constraints such as immune exclusion, metabolic competition, and environmental support deficiencies for T cell function.
Limitations:
Clinical data on CAR T therapy in RCC are limited and derived from early-phase, heterogeneous trials.
Conclusion:
The article suggests exploring RCC-adapted cellular therapies that enhance tumor homing and metabolic fitness.
