Objective:

To construct a novel individualized prognostic model for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by integrating traditional clinical parameters with F-NLR and HAGR scores, addressing the limitations of the TNM staging system.

Approach:

• Study Design: Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 292 OSCC patients who underwent radical surgical resection.
• Data Analysis: Determined optimal cut-off values using the Youden index from ROC curves; performed univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.
• Nomogram Construction: Developed a nomogram predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates based on identified independent prognostic factors.
• Validation: Conducted internal validation of the nomogram; external validation was not performed.

Key Findings:

• 119 cancer-related deaths observed during a median follow-up of 41 months.
• Independent prognostic factors identified: age, history of precancerous lesions, N classification, postoperative adjuvant therapy, F-NLR, and HAGR scores.
• Nomogram C-index of 0.73; AUC for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS were 0.798, 0.754, and 0.836, respectively, indicating acceptable model discrimination.
• Calibration plots showed high consistency between predicted probabilities and actual survival observations.

Interpretation:

The nomogram demonstrates acceptable predictive accuracy for individualized risk stratification in OSCC patients.

Limitations:

• Internal validation only; external validation in multi-center cohorts is required.
• Conducted at a single center, which may limit generalizability.

Conclusion:

The proposed nomogram integrating F-NLR and HAGR scores with clinical parameters requires further validation before it can be recommended for routine clinical use.