Objective:

To explore the relationship between agitation, anxiety, and cognitive loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the underlying biological mechanisms, including cellular senescence and inflammation.

Key Findings:

• Agitation and anxiety are prevalent in over 85% of patients with Alzheimer's disease, particularly in later stages, indicating a need for targeted interventions.
• The global aging population is expected to significantly increase the incidence of mental health disorders, including cognitive loss, necessitating urgent research and resource allocation.
• Cellular senescence and related aging processes contribute to cognitive decline and mood disorders, highlighting the importance of addressing these mechanisms in treatment.

Interpretation:

The complex interplay between mood disorders and cognitive decline necessitates a deeper understanding of biological mechanisms for effective clinical translation, including the development of targeted therapies.

Limitations:

• Current treatments primarily address symptoms rather than halting disease progression, which limits their effectiveness.
• Potential risks associated with existing therapies, such as neurotoxicity and adverse side effects, may lead to further nervous system damage.

Conclusion:

The insights into the mechanisms of agitation and cognitive loss in Alzheimer's disease highlight the need for innovative therapeutic strategies.