To map the landscape of robotic endoscopic systems in the context of ESD, characterise evaluation contexts, assess technological maturity, summarise outcomes, evaluate feasibility and safety, and identify knowledge gaps.
Approach:
Review Design: Followed the Arksey–O’Malley framework and JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis, adhering to PRISMA-ScR checklist.
Eligibility Criteria: Included studies on robotic endoscopic systems for ESD in clinical or preclinical settings, excluding non-original publications and studies on other procedures.
Information Sources: Conducted literature search in multiple databases, with initial and follow-up searches to capture recent publications.
Selection of Sources: Records screened independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by consensus.
Data Charting: Data extracted on study characteristics and procedural outcomes, with TRL and IDEAL stage assignments reviewed for consistency.
Synthesis of Results: Evidence synthesised descriptively, summarising robotic platforms by system and application.
Key Findings:
Robotic-assisted ESD (R-ESD) shows potential for improved procedural efficiency compared to conventional ESD (C-ESD).
Traction-assisted ESD leads to shorter procedure times and reduced technical difficulty.
Robotic systems may enhance visualization, ergonomics, and skill acquisition in endoscopic procedures.
Interpretation:
Limitations:
Predominantly preclinical and heterogeneous evidence necessitated a scoping approach rather than a systematic review.
No formal independent verification of extracted outcome data was performed.
