To systematically examine the molecular mechanisms of bile acid (BA) regulation in metabolism and immune response, the modifications driven by host and microbiota, and therapeutic targeting of BA signaling pathways, emphasizing their significance in health and disease.
Key Findings:
BAs play critical roles in metabolic regulation and immune response, with implications for therapeutic strategies.
Microbiota-driven modifications of BAs link gut dysbiosis to metabolic disorders and inflammation, suggesting targets for intervention.
Novel metabolites like 3-succinylated cholic acid can alleviate metabolic dysfunction, indicating new therapeutic avenues.
Advancements in multi-omics and AI are enhancing understanding of BA biology and therapeutic potential, paving the way for clinical applications.
Interpretation:
Bile acids are essential for metabolic homeostasis and immune regulation, with their modifications significantly impacting health and disease, highlighting the need for targeted therapies.
Limitations:
Most findings are derived from preclinical studies, limiting direct clinical applicability and necessitating further validation.
Key questions remain regarding organ-specific BA modifications and precision engineering of BA pathways, which are crucial for developing effective therapies.
Conclusion:
The review synthesizes insights into BA modifications and therapeutic innovations, emphasizing the urgent need for further research to translate findings into clinical applications.
