Case Report: Complete endoscopic submucosal dissection for occult superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma concealed by a large esophageal leiomyoma - Summary - MDSpire

Case Report: Complete endoscopic submucosal dissection for occult superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma concealed by a large esophageal leiomyoma

  • By

  • Xiaoying Yang

  • Yaowen Hu

  • Wangyang Chen

  • Shengyu Zhang

  • Yonglin Wang

  • Kun He

  • Qingwei Jiang

  • Dong Wu

  • May 20, 2026

  • 0 min

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Objective:

To highlight the diagnostic challenges and management of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) concealed by a large esophageal leiomyoma, emphasizing the significance of early detection.

Key Findings:
  • The presence of a benign-appearing leiomyoma can mask underlying malignancy, necessitating careful mucosal evaluation to avoid misdiagnosis.
  • Advanced imaging techniques are crucial for identifying early neoplastic changes in asymptomatic patients, which can significantly impact treatment outcomes.
  • Endoscopic resection can achieve favorable outcomes while preserving surrounding structures, highlighting the importance of individualized treatment strategies.
Interpretation:

This case underscores the importance of thorough evaluation for malignancy in benign-appearing lesions and demonstrates the effectiveness of individualized, multidisciplinary management strategies, which are essential for optimal patient outcomes.

Limitations:
  • The rarity of coexisting ESCC and leiomyoma limits generalizability of findings and may not represent typical cases.
  • Long-term outcomes beyond the 2-year follow-up remain uncertain, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
Conclusion:

Careful assessment and advanced diagnostic techniques are essential for detecting hidden malignancies, and endoscopic management can lead to successful outcomes in such complex cases, particularly in asymptomatic patients.

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