Objective:

To assess the long-term outcomes of cranioplasty performed concurrently with primary meningioma resection in patients with intraosseous meningiomas, focusing on clinical outcomes, complication rates, predictors of complications, and tumor recurrence.

Approach:

• Study Design: Population-based retrospective multicenter study involving patients who underwent primary resection of intraosseous meningiomas with concurrent cranioplasty from 2008 to 2022.
• Data Acquisition: Clinical and radiological data were collected from medical records, including demographic variables, tumor characteristics, surgical variables, and postoperative complications.
• Statistical Analyses: Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests, and predictors for complications and tumor recurrence were assessed using Cox regression.

Key Findings:

• The study covers a catchment area of approximately 7.5 million people, representing 72% of Sweden's population.
• Complication rates and implant survival were evaluated, with a focus on the influence of implant material on outcomes, revealing specific rates of complications.
• Tumor recurrence and progression of residual tumor were assessed as composite outcomes, with specific recurrence rates reported.

Interpretation:

The findings provide insights into the long-term outcomes of cranioplasty in the context of intraosseous meningioma resection.

Limitations:

• The study is retrospective and may be subject to biases inherent in such designs.
• Data was collected from multiple centers, which may introduce variability in surgical practices and outcomes.

Conclusion:

This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the long-term outcomes associated with cranioplasty following intraosseous meningioma resection, contributing valuable data to guide clinical decision-making.