Objective:

To investigate specific risk factors associated with mortality, causative microorganisms, antibiotic susceptibilities, and clinical outcomes in PBSIs in hematological patients.

Key Findings:

• 108 patients with bloodstream infections were included; 19.4% had PBSI, indicating a significant prevalence.
• Average age of PBSI patients was 72.52 years; 66.7% were male, highlighting demographic trends.
• Common hematologic conditions included AML (28.6%), lymphoma (23.8%), and multiple myeloma (23.8%), which are critical for understanding patient profiles.
• 52.4% of PBSI patients had hospital stays longer than 30 days, suggesting a need for improved management strategies.
• 47.6% achieved hematologic remission; all received chemotherapy, indicating treatment context.

Interpretation:

PBSIs are significant in hematologic malignancy patients, with a notable proportion experiencing prolonged hospital stays and varied outcomes based on underlying conditions, which may inform future treatment protocols.

Limitations:

• Retrospective design may introduce bias in patient selection and data interpretation.
• Single-center study limits generalizability of findings to broader populations.
• Data on long-term outcomes post-discharge not included, which could affect understanding of patient recovery.

Conclusion:

Understanding the microbiological and clinical features of PBSIs can inform better management strategies and improve patient outcomes in hematologic malignancies.