Objective:

To characterize clinical outcomes of pediatric patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV) in relation to race, ethnicity, and household income.

Approach:

• Study Design: Cross-sectional study using data from the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) for the years 2016 and 2019.
• Data Source: Utilized the KID, a large public database for pediatric inpatient care in the U.S., containing data from approximately 3 million unweighted inpatient discharges.
• Study Population: Identified pediatric patients with AAV using specific ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes and included those under 20 years at admission.
• Primary Predictors: Race and ethnicity, as well as household income defined by median income quartiles for patients' zip codes.

Key Findings:

• Hispanic ethnicity was linked to severe AAV disease and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
• Lower household income correlated with decreased odds of renal transplantation among ESRD patients.
• Each increase in income quartile was associated with an 85% increase in the odds of renal transplantation.
• The study included a significant cohort of Black and Hispanic pediatric patients, representing 35% of the sample.

Interpretation:

Limitations:

• The study is limited to data from the KID and may not capture all relevant clinical factors.
• Potential biases in reporting race and income may affect the results.

Conclusion: