Objective:

To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of two standard triple therapy regimens and assess follow-up outcomes and recurrence patterns in children diagnosed with H. pylori infection, addressing the challenge of antimicrobial resistance.

Key Findings:

• Overall eradication rate was 79.7%.
• Amoxicillin-based regimen had an efficacy of 84.0%, compared to 67.6% for metronidazole-based regimen.
• Recurrence occurred in 13.7% of successfully treated patients, primarily in children under 10 years, highlighting the need for targeted follow-up.

Interpretation:

Amoxicillin-based therapy is more effective than metronidazole-based therapy, but recurrence remains a significant issue, especially in younger children, necessitating improved follow-up strategies.

Limitations:

• Retrospective design may introduce bias, including selection bias.
• Limited sample size may affect generalizability.
• Follow-up methods varied, potentially impacting recurrence data.

Conclusion:

Amoxicillin-based triple therapy is superior in eradicating H. pylori in children, but structured long-term follow-up and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance are crucial for improving treatment outcomes and addressing recurrence.